No. | Parameter | Unit | State of the art | FCH 2 JU target | |||
2012 | 2017 | 2020 | 2024 | 2030 | |||
Generic system | |||||||
1 | Electricity consumption @nominal capacity | kWh/kg | 60 | 58 | 55 | 52 | 50 |
2 | Capital cost | EUR /(kg/d) | 8,000 | 2,900 | 2,000 | 1,500 | 1,000 |
(EURkW) | (~3,000) | (1,200) | (900) | (700) | (500) | ||
3 | O&M cost | EUR/(kg/d)/yr | 160 | 58 | 41 | 30 | 21 |
Specific system | |||||||
4 | Hot idle ramp time | sec | 60 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
5 | Cold start ramp time | sec | 300 | 120 | 30 | 10 | 10 |
6 | Footprint | m2/MW | - | 120 | 100 | 80 | 45 |
Stack | |||||||
7 | Degradation | %/1000hrs | 0.375 | 0.250 | 0.190 | 0.125 | 0.12 |
8 | Current density PEM | A/cm2 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.5 |
9 | Use of critical raw materials as catalysts PGM | mg/W | - | 5.0 | 2.7 | 1.25 | 0.4 |
10 | Use of critical raw materials as catalysts Pt | mg/W | - | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.1 |
Notes:
Availability is fixed at 98% (value from the electrolysis study).
1 to 3 and 7 similar conditions as for alkaline technology (previous table)
2. The time from hot idle to nominal power production, whereby hot idle means readiness of the system for immediate ramp-up. Power consumption at hot idle as percentage of nominal power, measured at 15°C outside temperature.
3. The time from cold start from -20°C to nominal power
9. This is mainly including ruthenium and iridium as the anode catalyst and platinum as the cathode catalyst (2.0 mg/cm2 at the anode and 0,5 mg/cm2 at the cathode). The reduction of critical raw materials content is reported feasible reducing the catalysts at a nano-scale.